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Rules

Ruff supports over 800 lint rules, many of which are inspired by popular tools like Flake8, isort, pyupgrade, and others. Regardless of the rule's origin, Ruff re-implements every rule in Rust as a first-party feature.

By default, Ruff enables Flake8's F rules, along with a subset of the E rules, omitting any stylistic rules that overlap with the use of a formatter, like ruff format or Black.

If you're just getting started with Ruff, the default rule set is a great place to start: it catches a wide variety of common errors (like unused imports) with zero configuration.

Legend

    ✔️     The rule is stable.
    🧪     The rule is unstable and is in "preview".
    ⚠️     The rule has been deprecated and will be removed in a future release.
    ❌     The rule has been removed only the documentation is available.
    🛠️     The rule is automatically fixable by the --fix command-line option.

Airflow (AIR)

For more, see Airflow on PyPI.

Code Name Message
AIR001 airflow-variable-name-task-id-mismatch Task variable name should match the task_id: "{task_id}" ✔️
AIR002 airflow-dag-no-schedule-argument DAG should have an explicit schedule argument 🧪
AIR301 airflow3-removal {deprecated} is removed in Airflow 3.0 🧪 🛠️
AIR302 airflow3-moved-to-provider {deprecated} is moved into {provider} provider in Airflow 3.0; 🧪
AIR311 airflow3-suggested-update {deprecated} is removed in Airflow 3.0; It still works in Airflow 3.0 but is expected to be removed in a future version. 🧪 🛠️
AIR312 airflow3-suggested-to-move-to-provider {deprecated} is deprecated and moved into {provider} provider in Airflow 3.0; It still works in Airflow 3.0 but is expected to be removed in a future version. 🧪

eradicate (ERA)

For more, see eradicate on PyPI.

Code Name Message
ERA001 commented-out-code Found commented-out code ✔️

FastAPI (FAST)

For more, see FastAPI on PyPI.

Code Name Message
FAST001 fast-api-redundant-response-model FastAPI route with redundant response_model argument ✔️ 🛠️
FAST002 fast-api-non-annotated-dependency FastAPI dependency without Annotated ✔️ 🛠️
FAST003 fast-api-unused-path-parameter Parameter {arg_name} appears in route path, but not in {function_name} signature ✔️ 🛠️

flake8-2020 (YTT)

For more, see flake8-2020 on PyPI.

Code Name Message
YTT101 sys-version-slice3 sys.version[:3] referenced (python3.10), use sys.version_info ✔️
YTT102 sys-version2 sys.version[2] referenced (python3.10), use sys.version_info ✔️
YTT103 sys-version-cmp-str3 sys.version compared to string (python3.10), use sys.version_info ✔️
YTT201 sys-version-info0-eq3 sys.version_info[0] == 3 referenced (python4), use >= ✔️
YTT202 six-py3 six.PY3 referenced (python4), use not six.PY2 ✔️
YTT203 sys-version-info1-cmp-int sys.version_info[1] compared to integer (python4), compare sys.version_info to tuple ✔️
YTT204 sys-version-info-minor-cmp-int sys.version_info.minor compared to integer (python4), compare sys.version_info to tuple ✔️
YTT301 sys-version0 sys.version[0] referenced (python10), use sys.version_info ✔️
YTT302 sys-version-cmp-str10 sys.version compared to string (python10), use sys.version_info ✔️
YTT303 sys-version-slice1 sys.version[:1] referenced (python10), use sys.version_info ✔️

flake8-annotations (ANN)

For more, see flake8-annotations on PyPI.

For related settings, see flake8-annotations.

Code Name Message
ANN001 missing-type-function-argument Missing type annotation for function argument {name} ✔️
ANN002 missing-type-args Missing type annotation for *{name} ✔️
ANN003 missing-type-kwargs Missing type annotation for **{name} ✔️
ANN101 missing-type-self Missing type annotation for {name} in method ❌
ANN102 missing-type-cls Missing type annotation for {name} in classmethod ❌
ANN201 missing-return-type-undocumented-public-function Missing return type annotation for public function {name} ✔️ 🛠️
ANN202 missing-return-type-private-function Missing return type annotation for private function {name} ✔️ 🛠️
ANN204 missing-return-type-special-method Missing return type annotation for special method {name} ✔️ 🛠️
ANN205 missing-return-type-static-method Missing return type annotation for staticmethod {name} ✔️ 🛠️
ANN206 missing-return-type-class-method Missing return type annotation for classmethod {name} ✔️ 🛠️
ANN401 any-type Dynamically typed expressions (typing.Any) are disallowed in {name} ✔️

flake8-async (ASYNC)

For more, see flake8-async on PyPI.

Code Name Message
ASYNC100 cancel-scope-no-checkpoint A with {method_name}(...): context does not contain any await statements. This makes it pointless, as the timeout can only be triggered by a checkpoint. ✔️
ASYNC105 trio-sync-call Call to {method_name} is not immediately awaited ✔️ 🛠️
ASYNC109 async-function-with-timeout Async function definition with a timeout parameter ✔️
ASYNC110 async-busy-wait Use {module}.Event instead of awaiting {module}.sleep in a while loop ✔️
ASYNC115 async-zero-sleep Use {module}.lowlevel.checkpoint() instead of {module}.sleep(0) ✔️ 🛠️
ASYNC116 long-sleep-not-forever {module}.sleep() with >24 hour interval should usually be {module}.sleep_forever() 🧪 🛠️
ASYNC210 blocking-http-call-in-async-function Async functions should not call blocking HTTP methods ✔️
ASYNC220 create-subprocess-in-async-function Async functions should not create subprocesses with blocking methods ✔️
ASYNC221 run-process-in-async-function Async functions should not run processes with blocking methods ✔️
ASYNC222 wait-for-process-in-async-function Async functions should not wait on processes with blocking methods ✔️
ASYNC230 blocking-open-call-in-async-function Async functions should not open files with blocking methods like open ✔️
ASYNC251 blocking-sleep-in-async-function Async functions should not call time.sleep ✔️

flake8-bandit (S)

For more, see flake8-bandit on PyPI.

For related settings, see flake8-bandit.

Code Name Message
S101 assert Use of assert detected ✔️
S102 exec-builtin Use of exec detected ✔️
S103 bad-file-permissions os.chmod setting a permissive mask {mask:#o} on file or directory ✔️
S104 hardcoded-bind-all-interfaces Possible binding to all interfaces ✔️
S105 hardcoded-password-string Possible hardcoded password assigned to: "{}" ✔️
S106 hardcoded-password-func-arg Possible hardcoded password assigned to argument: "{}" ✔️
S107 hardcoded-password-default Possible hardcoded password assigned to function default: "{}" ✔️
S108 hardcoded-temp-file Probable insecure usage of temporary file or directory: "{}" ✔️
S110 try-except-pass try-except-pass detected, consider logging the exception ✔️
S112 try-except-continue try-except-continue detected, consider logging the exception ✔️
S113 request-without-timeout Probable use of {module} call without timeout ✔️
S201 flask-debug-true Use of debug=True in Flask app detected ✔️
S202 tarfile-unsafe-members Uses of tarfile.extractall() ✔️
S301 suspicious-pickle-usage pickle and modules that wrap it can be unsafe when used to deserialize untrusted data, possible security issue ✔️
S302 suspicious-marshal-usage Deserialization with the marshal module is possibly dangerous ✔️
S303 suspicious-insecure-hash-usage Use of insecure MD2, MD4, MD5, or SHA1 hash function ✔️
S304 suspicious-insecure-cipher-usage Use of insecure cipher, replace with a known secure cipher such as AES ✔️
S305 suspicious-insecure-cipher-mode-usage Use of insecure block cipher mode, replace with a known secure mode such as CBC or CTR ✔️
S306 suspicious-mktemp-usage Use of insecure and deprecated function (mktemp) ✔️
S307 suspicious-eval-usage Use of possibly insecure function; consider using ast.literal_eval ✔️
S308 suspicious-mark-safe-usage Use of mark_safe may expose cross-site scripting vulnerabilities ✔️
S310 suspicious-url-open-usage Audit URL open for permitted schemes. Allowing use of file: or custom schemes is often unexpected. ✔️
S311 suspicious-non-cryptographic-random-usage Standard pseudo-random generators are not suitable for cryptographic purposes ✔️
S312 suspicious-telnet-usage Telnet is considered insecure. Use SSH or some other encrypted protocol. ✔️
S313 suspicious-xmlc-element-tree-usage Using xml to parse untrusted data is known to be vulnerable to XML attacks; use defusedxml equivalents ✔️
S314 suspicious-xml-element-tree-usage Using xml to parse untrusted data is known to be vulnerable to XML attacks; use defusedxml equivalents ✔️
S315 suspicious-xml-expat-reader-usage Using xml to parse untrusted data is known to be vulnerable to XML attacks; use defusedxml equivalents ✔️
S316 suspicious-xml-expat-builder-usage Using xml to parse untrusted data is known to be vulnerable to XML attacks; use defusedxml equivalents ✔️
S317 suspicious-xml-sax-usage Using xml to parse untrusted data is known to be vulnerable to XML attacks; use defusedxml equivalents ✔️
S318 suspicious-xml-mini-dom-usage Using xml to parse untrusted data is known to be vulnerable to XML attacks; use defusedxml equivalents ✔️
S319 suspicious-xml-pull-dom-usage Using xml to parse untrusted data is known to be vulnerable to XML attacks; use defusedxml equivalents ✔️
S320 suspicious-xmle-tree-usage Using lxml to parse untrusted data is known to be vulnerable to XML attacks ⚠️
S321 suspicious-ftp-lib-usage FTP-related functions are being called. FTP is considered insecure. Use SSH/SFTP/SCP or some other encrypted protocol. ✔️
S323 suspicious-unverified-context-usage Python allows using an insecure context via the _create_unverified_context that reverts to the previous behavior that does not validate certificates or perform hostname checks. ✔️
S324 hashlib-insecure-hash-function Probable use of insecure hash functions in {library}: {string} ✔️
S401 suspicious-telnetlib-import telnetlib and related modules are considered insecure. Use SSH or another encrypted protocol. 🧪
S402 suspicious-ftplib-import ftplib and related modules are considered insecure. Use SSH, SFTP, SCP, or another encrypted protocol. 🧪
S403 suspicious-pickle-import pickle, cPickle, dill, and shelve modules are possibly insecure 🧪
S404 suspicious-subprocess-import subprocess module is possibly insecure 🧪
S405 suspicious-xml-etree-import xml.etree methods are vulnerable to XML attacks 🧪
S406 suspicious-xml-sax-import xml.sax methods are vulnerable to XML attacks 🧪
S407 suspicious-xml-expat-import xml.dom.expatbuilder is vulnerable to XML attacks 🧪
S408 suspicious-xml-minidom-import xml.dom.minidom is vulnerable to XML attacks 🧪
S409 suspicious-xml-pulldom-import xml.dom.pulldom is vulnerable to XML attacks 🧪
S410 suspicious-lxml-import lxml is vulnerable to XML attacks ❌
S411 suspicious-xmlrpc-import XMLRPC is vulnerable to remote XML attacks 🧪
S412 suspicious-httpoxy-import httpoxy is a set of vulnerabilities that affect application code running inCGI, or CGI-like environments. The use of CGI for web applications should be avoided 🧪
S413 suspicious-pycrypto-import pycrypto library is known to have publicly disclosed buffer overflow vulnerability 🧪
S415 suspicious-pyghmi-import An IPMI-related module is being imported. Prefer an encrypted protocol over IPMI. 🧪
S501 request-with-no-cert-validation Probable use of {string} call with verify=False disabling SSL certificate checks ✔️
S502 ssl-insecure-version Call made with insecure SSL protocol: {protocol} ✔️
S503 ssl-with-bad-defaults Argument default set to insecure SSL protocol: {protocol} ✔️
S504 ssl-with-no-version ssl.wrap_socket called without an `ssl_version`` ✔️
S505 weak-cryptographic-key {cryptographic_key} key sizes below {minimum_key_size} bits are considered breakable ✔️
S506 unsafe-yaml-load Probable use of unsafe loader {name} with yaml.load. Allows instantiation of arbitrary objects. Consider yaml.safe_load. ✔️
S507 ssh-no-host-key-verification Paramiko call with policy set to automatically trust the unknown host key ✔️
S508 snmp-insecure-version The use of SNMPv1 and SNMPv2 is insecure. Use SNMPv3 if able. ✔️
S509 snmp-weak-cryptography You should not use SNMPv3 without encryption. noAuthNoPriv & authNoPriv is insecure. ✔️
S601 paramiko-call Possible shell injection via Paramiko call; check inputs are properly sanitized ✔️
S602 subprocess-popen-with-shell-equals-true subprocess call with shell=True seems safe, but may be changed in the future; consider rewriting without shell ✔️
S603 subprocess-without-shell-equals-true subprocess call: check for execution of untrusted input ✔️
S604 call-with-shell-equals-true Function call with shell=True parameter identified, security issue ✔️
S605 start-process-with-a-shell Starting a process with a shell: seems safe, but may be changed in the future; consider rewriting without shell ✔️
S606 start-process-with-no-shell Starting a process without a shell ✔️
S607 start-process-with-partial-path Starting a process with a partial executable path ✔️
S608 hardcoded-sql-expression Possible SQL injection vector through string-based query construction ✔️
S609 unix-command-wildcard-injection Possible wildcard injection in call due to * usage ✔️
S610 django-extra Use of Django extra can lead to SQL injection vulnerabilities ✔️
S611 django-raw-sql Use of RawSQL can lead to SQL injection vulnerabilities ✔️
S612 logging-config-insecure-listen Use of insecure logging.config.listen detected ✔️
S701 jinja2-autoescape-false Using jinja2 templates with autoescape=False is dangerous and can lead to XSS. Ensure autoescape=True or use the select_autoescape function. ✔️
S702 mako-templates Mako templates allow HTML and JavaScript rendering by default and are inherently open to XSS attacks ✔️
S704 unsafe-markup-use Unsafe use of {name} detected ✔️

flake8-blind-except (BLE)

For more, see flake8-blind-except on PyPI.

Code Name Message
BLE001 blind-except Do not catch blind exception: {name} ✔️

flake8-boolean-trap (FBT)

For more, see flake8-boolean-trap on PyPI.

For related settings, see flake8-boolean-trap.

Code Name Message
FBT001 boolean-type-hint-positional-argument Boolean-typed positional argument in function definition ✔️
FBT002 boolean-default-value-positional-argument Boolean default positional argument in function definition ✔️
FBT003 boolean-positional-value-in-call Boolean positional value in function call ✔️

flake8-bugbear (B)

For more, see flake8-bugbear on PyPI.

For related settings, see flake8-bugbear.

Code Name Message
B002 unary-prefix-increment-decrement Python does not support the unary prefix increment operator (++) ✔️
B003 assignment-to-os-environ Assigning to os.environ doesn't clear the environment ✔️
B004 unreliable-callable-check Using hasattr(x, "__call__") to test if x is callable is unreliable. Use callable(x) for consistent results. ✔️ 🛠️
B005 strip-with-multi-characters Using .strip() with multi-character strings is misleading ✔️
B006 mutable-argument-default Do not use mutable data structures for argument defaults ✔️ 🛠️
B007 unused-loop-control-variable Loop control variable {name} not used within loop body ✔️ 🛠️
B008 function-call-in-default-argument Do not perform function call {name} in argument defaults; instead, perform the call within the function, or read the default from a module-level singleton variable ✔️
B009 get-attr-with-constant Do not call getattr with a constant attribute value. It is not any safer than normal property access. ✔️ 🛠️
B010 set-attr-with-constant Do not call setattr with a constant attribute value. It is not any safer than normal property access. ✔️ 🛠️
B011 assert-false Do not assert False (python -O removes these calls), raise AssertionError() ✔️ 🛠️
B012 jump-statement-in-finally {name} inside finally blocks cause exceptions to be silenced ✔️
B013 redundant-tuple-in-exception-handler A length-one tuple literal is redundant in exception handlers ✔️ 🛠️
B014 duplicate-handler-exception Exception handler with duplicate exception: {name} ✔️ 🛠️
B015 useless-comparison Pointless comparison. Did you mean to assign a value? Otherwise, prepend assert or remove it. ✔️
B016 raise-literal Cannot raise a literal. Did you intend to return it or raise an Exception? ✔️
B017 assert-raises-exception Do not assert blind exception: {exception} ✔️
B018 useless-expression Found useless expression. Either assign it to a variable or remove it. ✔️
B019 cached-instance-method Use of functools.lru_cache or functools.cache on methods can lead to memory leaks ✔️
B020 loop-variable-overrides-iterator Loop control variable {name} overrides iterable it iterates ✔️
B021 f-string-docstring f-string used as docstring. Python will interpret this as a joined string, rather than a docstring. ✔️
B022 useless-contextlib-suppress No arguments passed to contextlib.suppress. No exceptions will be suppressed and therefore this context manager is redundant ✔️
B023 function-uses-loop-variable Function definition does not bind loop variable {name} ✔️
B024 abstract-base-class-without-abstract-method {name} is an abstract base class, but it has no abstract methods or properties ✔️
B025 duplicate-try-block-exception try-except* block with duplicate exception {name} ✔️
B026 star-arg-unpacking-after-keyword-arg Star-arg unpacking after a keyword argument is strongly discouraged ✔️
B027 empty-method-without-abstract-decorator {name} is an empty method in an abstract base class, but has no abstract decorator ✔️
B028 no-explicit-stacklevel No explicit stacklevel keyword argument found ✔️ 🛠️
B029 except-with-empty-tuple Using except* (): with an empty tuple does not catch anything; add exceptions to handle ✔️
B030 except-with-non-exception-classes except* handlers should only be exception classes or tuples of exception classes ✔️
B031 reuse-of-groupby-generator Using the generator returned from itertools.groupby() more than once will do nothing on the second usage ✔️
B032 unintentional-type-annotation Possible unintentional type annotation (using :). Did you mean to assign (using =)? ✔️
B033 duplicate-value Sets should not contain duplicate item {value} ✔️ 🛠️
B034 re-sub-positional-args {method} should pass {param_name} and flags as keyword arguments to avoid confusion due to unintuitive argument positions ✔️
B035 static-key-dict-comprehension Dictionary comprehension uses static key: {key} ✔️
B039 mutable-contextvar-default Do not use mutable data structures for ContextVar defaults ✔️
B901 return-in-generator Using yield and return {value} in a generator function can lead to confusing behavior 🧪
B903 class-as-data-structure Class could be dataclass or namedtuple 🧪
B904 raise-without-from-inside-except Within an except* clause, raise exceptions with raise ... from err or raise ... from None to distinguish them from errors in exception handling ✔️
B905 zip-without-explicit-strict zip() without an explicit strict= parameter ✔️ 🛠️
B909 loop-iterator-mutation Mutation to loop iterable {name} during iteration 🧪
B911 batched-without-explicit-strict itertools.batched() without an explicit strict parameter ✔️

flake8-builtins (A)

For more, see flake8-builtins on PyPI.

For related settings, see flake8-builtins.

Code Name Message
A001 builtin-variable-shadowing Variable {name} is shadowing a Python builtin ✔️
A002 builtin-argument-shadowing Function argument {name} is shadowing a Python builtin ✔️
A003 builtin-attribute-shadowing Python builtin is shadowed by class attribute {name} from {row} ✔️
A004 builtin-import-shadowing Import {name} is shadowing a Python builtin ✔️
A005 stdlib-module-shadowing Module {name} shadows a Python standard-library module ✔️
A006 builtin-lambda-argument-shadowing Lambda argument {name} is shadowing a Python builtin ✔️

flake8-commas (COM)

For more, see flake8-commas on PyPI.

Code Name Message
COM812 missing-trailing-comma Trailing comma missing ✔️ 🛠️
COM818 trailing-comma-on-bare-tuple Trailing comma on bare tuple prohibited ✔️
COM819 prohibited-trailing-comma Trailing comma prohibited ✔️ 🛠️

flake8-comprehensions (C4)

For more, see flake8-comprehensions on PyPI.

For related settings, see flake8-comprehensions.

Code Name Message
C400 unnecessary-generator-list Unnecessary generator (rewrite using list()) ✔️ 🛠️
C401 unnecessary-generator-set Unnecessary generator (rewrite using set()) ✔️ 🛠️
C402 unnecessary-generator-dict Unnecessary generator (rewrite as a dict comprehension) ✔️ 🛠️
C403 unnecessary-list-comprehension-set Unnecessary list comprehension (rewrite as a set comprehension) ✔️ 🛠️
C404 unnecessary-list-comprehension-dict Unnecessary list comprehension (rewrite as a dict comprehension) ✔️ 🛠️
C405 unnecessary-literal-set Unnecessary {kind} literal (rewrite as a set literal) ✔️ 🛠️
C406 unnecessary-literal-dict Unnecessary {obj_type} literal (rewrite as a dict literal) ✔️ 🛠️
C408 unnecessary-collection-call Unnecessary {kind}() call (rewrite as a literal) ✔️ 🛠️
C409 unnecessary-literal-within-tuple-call Unnecessary list literal passed to tuple() (rewrite as a tuple literal) ✔️ 🛠️
C410 unnecessary-literal-within-list-call Unnecessary list literal passed to list() (remove the outer call to list()) ✔️ 🛠️
C411 unnecessary-list-call Unnecessary list() call (remove the outer call to list()) ✔️ 🛠️
C413 unnecessary-call-around-sorted Unnecessary {func}() call around sorted() ✔️ 🛠️
C414 unnecessary-double-cast-or-process Unnecessary {inner}() call within {outer}() ✔️ 🛠️
C415 unnecessary-subscript-reversal Unnecessary subscript reversal of iterable within {func}() ✔️
C416 unnecessary-comprehension Unnecessary {kind} comprehension (rewrite using {kind}()) ✔️ 🛠️
C417 unnecessary-map Unnecessary map() usage (rewrite using a {object_type}) ✔️ 🛠️
C418 unnecessary-literal-within-dict-call Unnecessary dict {kind} passed to dict() (remove the outer call to dict()) ✔️ 🛠️
C419 unnecessary-comprehension-in-call Unnecessary list comprehension ✔️ 🛠️
C420 unnecessary-dict-comprehension-for-iterable Unnecessary dict comprehension for iterable; use dict.fromkeys instead ✔️ 🛠️

For more, see flake8-copyright on PyPI.

For related settings, see flake8-copyright.

Code Name Message
CPY001 missing-copyright-notice Missing copyright notice at top of file 🧪

flake8-datetimez (DTZ)

For more, see flake8-datetimez on PyPI.

Code Name Message
DTZ001 call-datetime-without-tzinfo datetime.datetime() called without a tzinfo argument ✔️
DTZ002 call-datetime-today datetime.datetime.today() used ✔️
DTZ003 call-datetime-utcnow datetime.datetime.utcnow() used ✔️
DTZ004 call-datetime-utcfromtimestamp datetime.datetime.utcfromtimestamp() used ✔️
DTZ005 call-datetime-now-without-tzinfo datetime.datetime.now() called without a tz argument ✔️
DTZ006 call-datetime-fromtimestamp datetime.datetime.fromtimestamp() called without a tz argument ✔️
DTZ007 call-datetime-strptime-without-zone Naive datetime constructed using datetime.datetime.strptime() without %z ✔️
DTZ011 call-date-today datetime.date.today() used ✔️
DTZ012 call-date-fromtimestamp datetime.date.fromtimestamp() used ✔️
DTZ901 datetime-min-max Use of datetime.datetime.{min_max} without timezone information ✔️

flake8-debugger (T10)

For more, see flake8-debugger on PyPI.

Code Name Message
T100 debugger Trace found: {name} used ✔️

flake8-django (DJ)

For more, see flake8-django on PyPI.

Code Name Message
DJ001 django-nullable-model-string-field Avoid using null=True on string-based fields such as {field_name} ✔️
DJ003 django-locals-in-render-function Avoid passing locals() as context to a render function ✔️
DJ006 django-exclude-with-model-form Do not use exclude with ModelForm, use fields instead ✔️
DJ007 django-all-with-model-form Do not use __all__ with ModelForm, use fields instead ✔️
DJ008 django-model-without-dunder-str Model does not define __str__ method ✔️
DJ012 django-unordered-body-content-in-model Order of model's inner classes, methods, and fields does not follow the Django Style Guide: {element_type} should come before {prev_element_type} ✔️
DJ013 django-non-leading-receiver-decorator @receiver decorator must be on top of all the other decorators ✔️

flake8-errmsg (EM)

For more, see flake8-errmsg on PyPI.

For related settings, see flake8-errmsg.

Code Name Message
EM101 raw-string-in-exception Exception must not use a string literal, assign to variable first ✔️ 🛠️
EM102 f-string-in-exception Exception must not use an f-string literal, assign to variable first ✔️ 🛠️
EM103 dot-format-in-exception Exception must not use a .format() string directly, assign to variable first ✔️ 🛠️

flake8-executable (EXE)

For more, see flake8-executable on PyPI.

Code Name Message
EXE001 shebang-not-executable Shebang is present but file is not executable ✔️
EXE002 shebang-missing-executable-file The file is executable but no shebang is present ✔️
EXE003 shebang-missing-python Shebang should contain python, pytest, or uv run ✔️
EXE004 shebang-leading-whitespace Avoid whitespace before shebang ✔️ 🛠️
EXE005 shebang-not-first-line Shebang should be at the beginning of the file ✔️

flake8-fixme (FIX)

For more, see flake8-fixme on GitHub.

Code Name Message
FIX001 line-contains-fixme Line contains FIXME, consider resolving the issue ✔️
FIX002 line-contains-todo Line contains TODO, consider resolving the issue ✔️
FIX003 line-contains-xxx Line contains XXX, consider resolving the issue ✔️
FIX004 line-contains-hack Line contains HACK, consider resolving the issue ✔️

flake8-future-annotations (FA)

For more, see flake8-future-annotations on PyPI.

Code Name Message
FA100 future-rewritable-type-annotation Add from __future__ import annotations to simplify {name} ✔️
FA102 future-required-type-annotation Missing from __future__ import annotations, but uses {reason} ✔️ 🛠️

flake8-gettext (INT)

For more, see flake8-gettext on PyPI.

For related settings, see flake8-gettext.

Code Name Message
INT001 f-string-in-get-text-func-call f-string is resolved before function call; consider _("string %s") % arg ✔️
INT002 format-in-get-text-func-call format method argument is resolved before function call; consider _("string %s") % arg ✔️
INT003 printf-in-get-text-func-call printf-style format is resolved before function call; consider _("string %s") % arg ✔️

flake8-implicit-str-concat (ISC)

For more, see flake8-implicit-str-concat on PyPI.

For related settings, see flake8-implicit-str-concat.

Code Name Message
ISC001 single-line-implicit-string-concatenation Implicitly concatenated string literals on one line ✔️ 🛠️
ISC002 multi-line-implicit-string-concatenation Implicitly concatenated string literals over multiple lines ✔️
ISC003 explicit-string-concatenation Explicitly concatenated string should be implicitly concatenated ✔️

flake8-import-conventions (ICN)

For more, see flake8-import-conventions on GitHub.

For related settings, see flake8-import-conventions.

Code Name Message
ICN001 unconventional-import-alias {name} should be imported as {asname} ✔️ 🛠️
ICN002 banned-import-alias {name} should not be imported as {asname} ✔️
ICN003 banned-import-from Members of {name} should not be imported explicitly ✔️

flake8-logging (LOG)

For more, see flake8-logging on PyPI.

Code Name Message
LOG001 direct-logger-instantiation Use logging.getLogger() to instantiate loggers ✔️ 🛠️
LOG002 invalid-get-logger-argument Use __name__ with logging.getLogger() ✔️ 🛠️
LOG004 log-exception-outside-except-handler .exception() call outside exception handlers 🧪 🛠️
LOG007 exception-without-exc-info Use of logging.exception with falsy exc_info ✔️
LOG009 undocumented-warn Use of undocumented logging.WARN constant ✔️ 🛠️
LOG014 exc-info-outside-except-handler exc_info= outside exception handlers 🧪 🛠️
LOG015 root-logger-call {}() call on root logger ✔️

flake8-logging-format (G)

For more, see flake8-logging-format on PyPI.

Code Name Message
G001 logging-string-format Logging statement uses str.format ✔️
G002 logging-percent-format Logging statement uses % ✔️
G003 logging-string-concat Logging statement uses + ✔️
G004 logging-f-string Logging statement uses f-string ✔️
G010 logging-warn Logging statement uses warn instead of warning ✔️ 🛠️
G101 logging-extra-attr-clash Logging statement uses an extra field that clashes with a LogRecord field: {key} ✔️
G201 logging-exc-info Logging .exception(...) should be used instead of .error(..., exc_info=True) ✔️
G202 logging-redundant-exc-info Logging statement has redundant exc_info ✔️

flake8-no-pep420 (INP)

For more, see flake8-no-pep420 on PyPI.

Code Name Message
INP001 implicit-namespace-package File {filename} is part of an implicit namespace package. Add an __init__.py. ✔️

flake8-pie (PIE)

For more, see flake8-pie on PyPI.

Code Name Message
PIE790 unnecessary-placeholder Unnecessary pass statement ✔️ 🛠️
PIE794 duplicate-class-field-definition Class field {name} is defined multiple times ✔️ 🛠️
PIE796 non-unique-enums Enum contains duplicate value: {value} ✔️
PIE800 unnecessary-spread Unnecessary spread ** ✔️ 🛠️
PIE804 unnecessary-dict-kwargs Unnecessary dict kwargs ✔️ 🛠️
PIE807 reimplemented-container-builtin Prefer {container} over useless lambda ✔️ 🛠️
PIE808 unnecessary-range-start Unnecessary start argument in range ✔️ 🛠️
PIE810 multiple-starts-ends-with Call {attr} once with a tuple ✔️ 🛠️

flake8-print (T20)

For more, see flake8-print on PyPI.

Code Name Message
T201 print print found ✔️ 🛠️
T203 p-print pprint found ✔️ 🛠️

flake8-pyi (PYI)

For more, see flake8-pyi on PyPI.

Code Name Message
PYI001 unprefixed-type-param Name of private {kind} must start with _ ✔️
PYI002 complex-if-statement-in-stub if test must be a simple comparison against sys.platform or sys.version_info ✔️
PYI003 unrecognized-version-info-check Unrecognized sys.version_info check ✔️
PYI004 patch-version-comparison Version comparison must use only major and minor version ✔️
PYI005 wrong-tuple-length-version-comparison Version comparison must be against a length-{expected_length} tuple ✔️
PYI006 bad-version-info-comparison Use < or >= for sys.version_info comparisons ✔️
PYI007 unrecognized-platform-check Unrecognized sys.platform check ✔️
PYI008 unrecognized-platform-name Unrecognized platform {platform} ✔️
PYI009 pass-statement-stub-body Empty body should contain ..., not pass ✔️ 🛠️
PYI010 non-empty-stub-body Function body must contain only ... ✔️ 🛠️
PYI011 typed-argument-default-in-stub Only simple default values allowed for typed arguments ✔️ 🛠️
PYI012 pass-in-class-body Class body must not contain pass ✔️ 🛠️
PYI013 ellipsis-in-non-empty-class-body Non-empty class body must not contain ... ✔️ 🛠️
PYI014 argument-default-in-stub Only simple default values allowed for arguments ✔️ 🛠️
PYI015 assignment-default-in-stub Only simple default values allowed for assignments ✔️ 🛠️
PYI016 duplicate-union-member Duplicate union member {} ✔️ 🛠️
PYI017 complex-assignment-in-stub Stubs should not contain assignments to attributes or multiple targets ✔️
PYI018 unused-private-type-var Private {type_var_like_kind} {type_var_like_name} is never used ✔️ 🛠️
PYI019 custom-type-var-for-self Use Self instead of custom TypeVar {} ✔️ 🛠️
PYI020 quoted-annotation-in-stub Quoted annotations should not be included in stubs ✔️ 🛠️
PYI021 docstring-in-stub Docstrings should not be included in stubs ✔️ 🛠️
PYI024 collections-named-tuple Use typing.NamedTuple instead of collections.namedtuple ✔️
PYI025 unaliased-collections-abc-set-import Use from collections.abc import Set as AbstractSet to avoid confusion with the set builtin ✔️ 🛠️
PYI026 type-alias-without-annotation Use {module}.TypeAlias for type alias, e.g., {name}: TypeAlias = {value} ✔️ 🛠️
PYI029 str-or-repr-defined-in-stub Defining {name} in a stub is almost always redundant ✔️ 🛠️
PYI030 unnecessary-literal-union Multiple literal members in a union. Use a single literal, e.g. Literal[{}] ✔️ 🛠️
PYI032 any-eq-ne-annotation Prefer object to Any for the second parameter to {method_name} ✔️ 🛠️
PYI033 type-comment-in-stub Don't use type comments in stub file ✔️
PYI034 non-self-return-type __new__ methods usually return self at runtime ✔️ 🛠️
PYI035 unassigned-special-variable-in-stub {name} in a stub file must have a value, as it has the same semantics as {name} at runtime ✔️
PYI036 bad-exit-annotation Star-args in {method_name} should be annotated with object ✔️ 🛠️
PYI041 redundant-numeric-union Use {supertype} instead of {subtype} | {supertype} ✔️ 🛠️
PYI042 snake-case-type-alias Type alias {name} should be CamelCase ✔️
PYI043 t-suffixed-type-alias Private type alias {name} should not be suffixed with T (the T suffix implies that an object is a TypeVar) ✔️
PYI044 future-annotations-in-stub from __future__ import annotations has no effect in stub files, since type checkers automatically treat stubs as having those semantics ✔️ 🛠️
PYI045 iter-method-return-iterable __aiter__ methods should return an AsyncIterator, not an AsyncIterable ✔️
PYI046 unused-private-protocol Private protocol {name} is never used ✔️
PYI047 unused-private-type-alias Private TypeAlias {name} is never used ✔️
PYI048 stub-body-multiple-statements Function body must contain exactly one statement ✔️
PYI049 unused-private-typed-dict Private TypedDict {name} is never used ✔️
PYI050 no-return-argument-annotation-in-stub Prefer {module}.Never over NoReturn for argument annotations ✔️
PYI051 redundant-literal-union Literal[{literal}] is redundant in a union with {builtin_type} ✔️
PYI052 unannotated-assignment-in-stub Need type annotation for {name} ✔️
PYI053 string-or-bytes-too-long String and bytes literals longer than 50 characters are not permitted ✔️ 🛠️
PYI054 numeric-literal-too-long Numeric literals with a string representation longer than ten characters are not permitted ✔️ 🛠️
PYI055 unnecessary-type-union Multiple type members in a union. Combine them into one, e.g., type[{union_str}]. ✔️ 🛠️
PYI056 unsupported-method-call-on-all Calling .{name}() on __all__ may not be supported by all type checkers (use += instead) ✔️
PYI057 byte-string-usage Do not use {origin}.ByteString, which has unclear semantics and is deprecated ✔️
PYI058 generator-return-from-iter-method Use {return_type} as the return value for simple {method} methods ✔️ 🛠️
PYI059 generic-not-last-base-class Generic[] should always be the last base class 🧪 🛠️
PYI061 redundant-none-literal Use None rather than Literal[None] 🧪 🛠️
PYI062 duplicate-literal-member Duplicate literal member {} ✔️ 🛠️
PYI063 pep484-style-positional-only-parameter Use PEP 570 syntax for positional-only parameters ✔️
PYI064 redundant-final-literal Final[Literal[{literal}]] can be replaced with a bare Final ✔️ 🛠️
PYI066 bad-version-info-order Put branches for newer Python versions first when branching on sys.version_info comparisons ✔️

flake8-pytest-style (PT)

For more, see flake8-pytest-style on PyPI.

For related settings, see flake8-pytest-style.

Code Name Message
PT001 pytest-fixture-incorrect-parentheses-style Use @pytest.fixture{expected} over @pytest.fixture{actual} ✔️ 🛠️
PT002 pytest-fixture-positional-args Configuration for fixture {function} specified via positional args, use kwargs ✔️
PT003 pytest-extraneous-scope-function scope='function' is implied in @pytest.fixture() ✔️ 🛠️
PT004 pytest-missing-fixture-name-underscore Fixture {function} does not return anything, add leading underscore ❌
PT005 pytest-incorrect-fixture-name-underscore Fixture {function} returns a value, remove leading underscore ❌
PT006 pytest-parametrize-names-wrong-type Wrong type passed to first argument of pytest.mark.parametrize; expected {expected_string} ✔️ 🛠️
PT007 pytest-parametrize-values-wrong-type Wrong values type in pytest.mark.parametrize expected {values} of {row} ✔️ 🛠️
PT008 pytest-patch-with-lambda Use return_value= instead of patching with lambda ✔️
PT009 pytest-unittest-assertion Use a regular assert instead of unittest-style {assertion} ✔️ 🛠️
PT010 pytest-raises-without-exception Set the expected exception in pytest.raises() ✔️
PT011 pytest-raises-too-broad pytest.raises({exception}) is too broad, set the match parameter or use a more specific exception ✔️
PT012 pytest-raises-with-multiple-statements pytest.raises() block should contain a single simple statement ✔️
PT013 pytest-incorrect-pytest-import Incorrect import of pytest; use import pytest instead ✔️
PT014 pytest-duplicate-parametrize-test-cases Duplicate of test case at index {index} in pytest.mark.parametrize ✔️ 🛠️
PT015 pytest-assert-always-false Assertion always fails, replace with pytest.fail() ✔️
PT016 pytest-fail-without-message No message passed to pytest.fail() ✔️
PT017 pytest-assert-in-except Found assertion on exception {name} in except block, use pytest.raises() instead ✔️
PT018 pytest-composite-assertion Assertion should be broken down into multiple parts ✔️ 🛠️
PT019 pytest-fixture-param-without-value Fixture {name} without value is injected as parameter, use @pytest.mark.usefixtures instead ✔️
PT020 pytest-deprecated-yield-fixture @pytest.yield_fixture is deprecated, use @pytest.fixture ✔️
PT021 pytest-fixture-finalizer-callback Use yield instead of request.addfinalizer ✔️
PT022 pytest-useless-yield-fixture No teardown in fixture {name}, use return instead of yield ✔️ 🛠️
PT023 pytest-incorrect-mark-parentheses-style Use @pytest.mark.{mark_name}{expected_parens} over @pytest.mark.{mark_name}{actual_parens} ✔️ 🛠️
PT024 pytest-unnecessary-asyncio-mark-on-fixture pytest.mark.asyncio is unnecessary for fixtures ✔️ 🛠️
PT025 pytest-erroneous-use-fixtures-on-fixture pytest.mark.usefixtures has no effect on fixtures ✔️ 🛠️
PT026 pytest-use-fixtures-without-parameters Useless pytest.mark.usefixtures without parameters ✔️ 🛠️
PT027 pytest-unittest-raises-assertion Use pytest.raises instead of unittest-style {assertion} ✔️ 🛠️
PT028 pytest-parameter-with-default-argument Test function parameter {} has default argument 🧪
PT029 pytest-warns-without-warning Set the expected warning in pytest.warns() 🧪
PT030 pytest-warns-too-broad pytest.warns({warning}) is too broad, set the match parameter or use a more specific warning 🧪
PT031 pytest-warns-with-multiple-statements pytest.warns() block should contain a single simple statement 🧪

flake8-quotes (Q)

For more, see flake8-quotes on PyPI.

For related settings, see flake8-quotes.

Code Name Message
Q000 bad-quotes-inline-string Single quotes found but double quotes preferred ✔️ 🛠️
Q001 bad-quotes-multiline-string Single quote multiline found but double quotes preferred ✔️ 🛠️
Q002 bad-quotes-docstring Single quote docstring found but double quotes preferred ✔️ 🛠️
Q003 avoidable-escaped-quote Change outer quotes to avoid escaping inner quotes ✔️ 🛠️
Q004 unnecessary-escaped-quote Unnecessary escape on inner quote character ✔️ 🛠️

flake8-raise (RSE)

For more, see flake8-raise on PyPI.

Code Name Message
RSE102 unnecessary-paren-on-raise-exception Unnecessary parentheses on raised exception ✔️ 🛠️

flake8-return (RET)

For more, see flake8-return on PyPI.

Code Name Message
RET501 unnecessary-return-none Do not explicitly return None in function if it is the only possible return value ✔️ 🛠️
RET502 implicit-return-value Do not implicitly return None in function able to return non-None value ✔️ 🛠️
RET503 implicit-return Missing explicit return at the end of function able to return non-None value ✔️ 🛠️
RET504 unnecessary-assign Unnecessary assignment to {name} before return statement ✔️ 🛠️
RET505 superfluous-else-return Unnecessary {branch} after return statement ✔️ 🛠️
RET506 superfluous-else-raise Unnecessary {branch} after raise statement ✔️ 🛠️
RET507 superfluous-else-continue Unnecessary {branch} after continue statement ✔️ 🛠️
RET508 superfluous-else-break Unnecessary {branch} after break statement ✔️ 🛠️

flake8-self (SLF)

For more, see flake8-self on PyPI.

For related settings, see flake8-self.

Code Name Message
SLF001 private-member-access Private member accessed: {access} ✔️

flake8-simplify (SIM)

For more, see flake8-simplify on PyPI.

Code Name Message
SIM101 duplicate-isinstance-call Multiple isinstance calls for {name}, merge into a single call ✔️ 🛠️
SIM102 collapsible-if Use a single if statement instead of nested if statements ✔️ 🛠️
SIM103 needless-bool Return the condition {condition} directly ✔️ 🛠️
SIM105 suppressible-exception Use contextlib.suppress({exception}) instead of try-except-pass ✔️ 🛠️
SIM107 return-in-try-except-finally Don't use return in try-except and finally ✔️
SIM108 if-else-block-instead-of-if-exp Use ternary operator {contents} instead of if-else-block ✔️ 🛠️
SIM109 compare-with-tuple Use {replacement} instead of multiple equality comparisons ✔️ 🛠️
SIM110 reimplemented-builtin Use {replacement} instead of for loop ✔️ 🛠️
SIM112 uncapitalized-environment-variables Use capitalized environment variable {expected} instead of {actual} ✔️ 🛠️
SIM113 enumerate-for-loop Use enumerate() for index variable {index} in for loop ✔️
SIM114 if-with-same-arms Combine if branches using logical or operator ✔️ 🛠️
SIM115 open-file-with-context-handler Use a context manager for opening files ✔️
SIM116 if-else-block-instead-of-dict-lookup Use a dictionary instead of consecutive if statements ✔️
SIM117 multiple-with-statements Use a single with statement with multiple contexts instead of nested with statements ✔️ 🛠️
SIM118 in-dict-keys Use key {operator} dict instead of key {operator} dict.keys() ✔️ 🛠️
SIM201 negate-equal-op Use {left} != {right} instead of not {left} == {right} ✔️ 🛠️
SIM202 negate-not-equal-op Use {left} == {right} instead of not {left} != {right} ✔️ 🛠️
SIM208 double-negation Use {expr} instead of not (not {expr}) ✔️ 🛠️
SIM210 if-expr-with-true-false Remove unnecessary True if ... else False ✔️ 🛠️
SIM211 if-expr-with-false-true Use not ... instead of False if ... else True ✔️ 🛠️
SIM212 if-expr-with-twisted-arms Use {expr_else} if {expr_else} else {expr_body} instead of {expr_body} if not {expr_else} else {expr_else} ✔️ 🛠️
SIM220 expr-and-not-expr Use False instead of {name} and not {name} ✔️ 🛠️
SIM221 expr-or-not-expr Use True instead of {name} or not {name} ✔️ 🛠️
SIM222 expr-or-true Use {expr} instead of {replaced} ✔️ 🛠️
SIM223 expr-and-false Use {expr} instead of {replaced} ✔️ 🛠️
SIM300 yoda-conditions Yoda condition detected ✔️ 🛠️
SIM401 if-else-block-instead-of-dict-get Use {contents} instead of an if block ✔️ 🛠️
SIM905 split-static-string Consider using a list literal instead of str.split ✔️ 🛠️
SIM910 dict-get-with-none-default Use {expected} instead of {actual} ✔️ 🛠️
SIM911 zip-dict-keys-and-values Use {expected} instead of {actual} ✔️ 🛠️

flake8-slots (SLOT)

For more, see flake8-slots on PyPI.

Code Name Message
SLOT000 no-slots-in-str-subclass Subclasses of str should define __slots__ ✔️
SLOT001 no-slots-in-tuple-subclass Subclasses of tuple should define __slots__ ✔️
SLOT002 no-slots-in-namedtuple-subclass Subclasses of {namedtuple_kind} should define __slots__ ✔️

flake8-tidy-imports (TID)

For more, see flake8-tidy-imports on PyPI.

For related settings, see flake8-tidy-imports.

Code Name Message
TID251 banned-api {name} is banned: {message} ✔️
TID252 relative-imports Prefer absolute imports over relative imports from parent modules ✔️ 🛠️
TID253 banned-module-level-imports {name} is banned at the module level ✔️

flake8-todos (TD)

For more, see flake8-todos on GitHub.

Code Name Message
TD001 invalid-todo-tag Invalid TODO tag: {tag} ✔️
TD002 missing-todo-author Missing author in TODO; try: # TODO(<author_name>): ... or # TODO @<author_name>: ... ✔️
TD003 missing-todo-link Missing issue link for this TODO ✔️
TD004 missing-todo-colon Missing colon in TODO ✔️
TD005 missing-todo-description Missing issue description after TODO ✔️
TD006 invalid-todo-capitalization Invalid TODO capitalization: {tag} should be TODO ✔️ 🛠️
TD007 missing-space-after-todo-colon Missing space after colon in TODO ✔️

flake8-type-checking (TC)

For more, see flake8-type-checking on PyPI.

For related settings, see flake8-type-checking.

Code Name Message
TC001 typing-only-first-party-import Move application import {} into a type-checking block ✔️ 🛠️
TC002 typing-only-third-party-import Move third-party import {} into a type-checking block ✔️ 🛠️
TC003 typing-only-standard-library-import Move standard library import {} into a type-checking block ✔️ 🛠️
TC004 runtime-import-in-type-checking-block Move import {qualified_name} out of type-checking block. Import is used for more than type hinting. ✔️ 🛠️
TC005 empty-type-checking-block Found empty type-checking block ✔️ 🛠️
TC006 runtime-cast-value Add quotes to type expression in typing.cast() ✔️ 🛠️
TC007 unquoted-type-alias Add quotes to type alias ✔️ 🛠️
TC008 quoted-type-alias Remove quotes from type alias 🧪 🛠️
TC010 runtime-string-union Invalid string member in X | Y-style union type ✔️

flake8-unused-arguments (ARG)

For more, see flake8-unused-arguments on PyPI.

For related settings, see flake8-unused-arguments.

Code Name Message
ARG001 unused-function-argument Unused function argument: {name} ✔️
ARG002 unused-method-argument Unused method argument: {name} ✔️
ARG003 unused-class-method-argument Unused class method argument: {name} ✔️
ARG004 unused-static-method-argument Unused static method argument: {name} ✔️
ARG005 unused-lambda-argument Unused lambda argument: {name} ✔️

flake8-use-pathlib (PTH)

For more, see flake8-use-pathlib on PyPI.

Code Name Message
PTH100 os-path-abspath os.path.abspath() should be replaced by Path.resolve() ✔️
PTH101 os-chmod os.chmod() should be replaced by Path.chmod() ✔️
PTH102 os-mkdir os.mkdir() should be replaced by Path.mkdir() ✔️
PTH103 os-makedirs os.makedirs() should be replaced by Path.mkdir(parents=True) ✔️
PTH104 os-rename os.rename() should be replaced by Path.rename() ✔️
PTH105 os-replace os.replace() should be replaced by Path.replace() ✔️
PTH106 os-rmdir os.rmdir() should be replaced by Path.rmdir() ✔️
PTH107 os-remove os.remove() should be replaced by Path.unlink() ✔️
PTH108 os-unlink os.unlink() should be replaced by Path.unlink() ✔️
PTH109 os-getcwd os.getcwd() should be replaced by Path.cwd() ✔️
PTH110 os-path-exists os.path.exists() should be replaced by Path.exists() ✔️
PTH111 os-path-expanduser os.path.expanduser() should be replaced by Path.expanduser() ✔️
PTH112 os-path-isdir os.path.isdir() should be replaced by Path.is_dir() ✔️
PTH113 os-path-isfile os.path.isfile() should be replaced by Path.is_file() ✔️
PTH114 os-path-islink os.path.islink() should be replaced by Path.is_symlink() ✔️
PTH115 os-readlink os.readlink() should be replaced by Path.readlink() ✔️
PTH116 os-stat os.stat() should be replaced by Path.stat(), Path.owner(), or Path.group() ✔️
PTH117 os-path-isabs os.path.isabs() should be replaced by Path.is_absolute() ✔️
PTH118 os-path-join os.{module}.join() should be replaced by Path with / operator ✔️
PTH119 os-path-basename os.path.basename() should be replaced by Path.name ✔️
PTH120 os-path-dirname os.path.dirname() should be replaced by Path.parent ✔️
PTH121 os-path-samefile os.path.samefile() should be replaced by Path.samefile() ✔️
PTH122 os-path-splitext os.path.splitext() should be replaced by Path.suffix, Path.stem, and Path.parent ✔️
PTH123 builtin-open open() should be replaced by Path.open() ✔️
PTH124 py-path py.path is in maintenance mode, use pathlib instead ✔️
PTH201 path-constructor-current-directory Do not pass the current directory explicitly to Path ✔️ 🛠️
PTH202 os-path-getsize os.path.getsize should be replaced by Path.stat().st_size ✔️
PTH203 os-path-getatime os.path.getatime should be replaced by Path.stat().st_atime ✔️
PTH204 os-path-getmtime os.path.getmtime should be replaced by Path.stat().st_mtime ✔️
PTH205 os-path-getctime os.path.getctime should be replaced by Path.stat().st_ctime ✔️
PTH206 os-sep-split Replace .split(os.sep) with Path.parts ✔️
PTH207 glob Replace {function} with Path.glob or Path.rglob ✔️
PTH208 os-listdir Use pathlib.Path.iterdir() instead. ✔️
PTH210 invalid-pathlib-with-suffix Invalid suffix passed to .with_suffix() ✔️ 🛠️

flynt (FLY)

For more, see flynt on PyPI.

Code Name Message
FLY002 static-join-to-f-string Consider {expression} instead of string join ✔️ 🛠️

isort (I)

For more, see isort on PyPI.

For related settings, see isort.

Code Name Message
I001 unsorted-imports Import block is un-sorted or un-formatted ✔️ 🛠️
I002 missing-required-import Missing required import: {name} ✔️ 🛠️

mccabe (C90)

For more, see mccabe on PyPI.

For related settings, see mccabe.

Code Name Message
C901 complex-structure {name} is too complex ({complexity} > {max_complexity}) ✔️

NumPy-specific rules (NPY)

Code Name Message
NPY001 numpy-deprecated-type-alias Type alias np.{type_name} is deprecated, replace with builtin type ✔️ 🛠️
NPY002 numpy-legacy-random Replace legacy np.random.{method_name} call with np.random.Generator ✔️
NPY003 numpy-deprecated-function np.{existing} is deprecated; use np.{replacement} instead ✔️ 🛠️
NPY201 numpy2-deprecation np.{existing} will be removed in NumPy 2.0. {migration_guide} ✔️ 🛠️

pandas-vet (PD)

For more, see pandas-vet on PyPI.

Code Name Message
PD002 pandas-use-of-inplace-argument inplace=True should be avoided; it has inconsistent behavior ✔️ 🛠️
PD003 pandas-use-of-dot-is-null .isna is preferred to .isnull; functionality is equivalent ✔️
PD004 pandas-use-of-dot-not-null .notna is preferred to .notnull; functionality is equivalent ✔️
PD007 pandas-use-of-dot-ix .ix is deprecated; use more explicit .loc or .iloc ✔️
PD008 pandas-use-of-dot-at Use .loc instead of .at. If speed is important, use NumPy. ✔️
PD009 pandas-use-of-dot-iat Use .iloc instead of .iat. If speed is important, use NumPy. ✔️
PD010 pandas-use-of-dot-pivot-or-unstack .pivot_table is preferred to .pivot or .unstack; provides same functionality ✔️
PD011 pandas-use-of-dot-values Use .to_numpy() instead of .values ✔️
PD012 pandas-use-of-dot-read-table Use .read_csv instead of .read_table to read CSV files ✔️
PD013 pandas-use-of-dot-stack .melt is preferred to .stack; provides same functionality ✔️
PD015 pandas-use-of-pd-merge Use .merge method instead of pd.merge function. They have equivalent functionality. ✔️
PD101 pandas-nunique-constant-series-check Using series.nunique() for checking that a series is constant is inefficient ✔️
PD901 pandas-df-variable-name Avoid using the generic variable name df for DataFrames ✔️

pep8-naming (N)

For more, see pep8-naming on PyPI.

For related settings, see pep8-naming.

Code Name Message
N801 invalid-class-name Class name {name} should use CapWords convention ✔️
N802 invalid-function-name Function name {name} should be lowercase ✔️
N803 invalid-argument-name Argument name {name} should be lowercase ✔️
N804 invalid-first-argument-name-for-class-method First argument of a class method should be named cls ✔️ 🛠️
N805 invalid-first-argument-name-for-method First argument of a method should be named self ✔️ 🛠️
N806 non-lowercase-variable-in-function Variable {name} in function should be lowercase ✔️
N807 dunder-function-name Function name should not start and end with __ ✔️
N811 constant-imported-as-non-constant Constant {name} imported as non-constant {asname} ✔️
N812 lowercase-imported-as-non-lowercase Lowercase {name} imported as non-lowercase {asname} ✔️
N813 camelcase-imported-as-lowercase Camelcase {name} imported as lowercase {asname} ✔️
N814 camelcase-imported-as-constant Camelcase {name} imported as constant {asname} ✔️
N815 mixed-case-variable-in-class-scope Variable {name} in class scope should not be mixedCase ✔️
N816 mixed-case-variable-in-global-scope Variable {name} in global scope should not be mixedCase ✔️
N817 camelcase-imported-as-acronym CamelCase {name} imported as acronym {asname} ✔️
N818 error-suffix-on-exception-name Exception name {name} should be named with an Error suffix ✔️
N999 invalid-module-name Invalid module name: '{name}' ✔️

Perflint (PERF)

For more, see Perflint on PyPI.

Code Name Message
PERF101 unnecessary-list-cast Do not cast an iterable to list before iterating over it ✔️ 🛠️
PERF102 incorrect-dict-iterator When using only the {subset} of a dict use the {subset}() method ✔️ 🛠️
PERF203 try-except-in-loop try-except within a loop incurs performance overhead ✔️
PERF401 manual-list-comprehension Use {message_str} to create a transformed list ✔️ 🛠️
PERF402 manual-list-copy Use list or list.copy to create a copy of a list ✔️
PERF403 manual-dict-comprehension Use a dictionary comprehension instead of a for-loop ✔️

pycodestyle (E, W)

For more, see pycodestyle on PyPI.

For related settings, see pycodestyle.

Error (E)

Code Name Message
E101 mixed-spaces-and-tabs Indentation contains mixed spaces and tabs ✔️
E111 indentation-with-invalid-multiple Indentation is not a multiple of {indent_width} 🧪
E112 no-indented-block Expected an indented block 🧪
E113 unexpected-indentation Unexpected indentation 🧪
E114 indentation-with-invalid-multiple-comment Indentation is not a multiple of {indent_width} (comment) 🧪
E115 no-indented-block-comment Expected an indented block (comment) 🧪
E116 unexpected-indentation-comment Unexpected indentation (comment) 🧪
E117 over-indented Over-indented (comment) 🧪
E201 whitespace-after-open-bracket Whitespace after '{symbol}' 🧪 🛠️
E202 whitespace-before-close-bracket Whitespace before '{symbol}' 🧪 🛠️
E203 whitespace-before-punctuation Whitespace before '{symbol}' 🧪 🛠️
E204 whitespace-after-decorator Whitespace after decorator 🧪 🛠️
E211 whitespace-before-parameters Whitespace before '{bracket}' 🧪 🛠️
E221 multiple-spaces-before-operator Multiple spaces before operator 🧪 🛠️
E222 multiple-spaces-after-operator Multiple spaces after operator 🧪 🛠️
E223 tab-before-operator Tab before operator 🧪 🛠️
E224 tab-after-operator Tab after operator 🧪 🛠️
E225 missing-whitespace-around-operator Missing whitespace around operator 🧪 🛠️
E226 missing-whitespace-around-arithmetic-operator Missing whitespace around arithmetic operator 🧪 🛠️
E227 missing-whitespace-around-bitwise-or-shift-operator Missing whitespace around bitwise or shift operator 🧪 🛠️
E228 missing-whitespace-around-modulo-operator Missing whitespace around modulo operator 🧪 🛠️
E231 missing-whitespace Missing whitespace after {} 🧪 🛠️
E241 multiple-spaces-after-comma Multiple spaces after comma 🧪 🛠️
E242 tab-after-comma Tab after comma 🧪 🛠️
E251 unexpected-spaces-around-keyword-parameter-equals Unexpected spaces around keyword / parameter equals 🧪 🛠️
E252 missing-whitespace-around-parameter-equals Missing whitespace around parameter equals 🧪 🛠️
E261 too-few-spaces-before-inline-comment Insert at least two spaces before an inline comment 🧪 🛠️
E262 no-space-after-inline-comment Inline comment should start with # 🧪 🛠️
E265 no-space-after-block-comment Block comment should start with # 🧪 🛠️
E266 multiple-leading-hashes-for-block-comment Too many leading # before block comment 🧪 🛠️
E271 multiple-spaces-after-keyword Multiple spaces after keyword 🧪 🛠️
E272 multiple-spaces-before-keyword Multiple spaces before keyword 🧪 🛠️
E273 tab-after-keyword Tab after keyword 🧪 🛠️
E274 tab-before-keyword Tab before keyword 🧪 🛠️
E275 missing-whitespace-after-keyword Missing whitespace after keyword 🧪 🛠️
E301 blank-line-between-methods Expected {BLANK_LINES_NESTED_LEVEL:?} blank line, found 0 🧪 🛠️
E302 blank-lines-top-level Expected {expected_blank_lines:?} blank lines, found {actual_blank_lines} 🧪 🛠️
E303 too-many-blank-lines Too many blank lines ({actual_blank_lines}) 🧪 🛠️
E304 blank-line-after-decorator Blank lines found after function decorator ({lines}) 🧪 🛠️
E305 blank-lines-after-function-or-class Expected 2 blank lines after class or function definition, found ({blank_lines}) 🧪 🛠️
E306 blank-lines-before-nested-definition Expected 1 blank line before a nested definition, found 0 🧪 🛠️
E401 multiple-imports-on-one-line Multiple imports on one line ✔️ 🛠️
E402 module-import-not-at-top-of-file Module level import not at top of cell ✔️
E501 line-too-long Line too long ({width} > {limit}) ✔️
E502 redundant-backslash Redundant backslash 🧪 🛠️
E701 multiple-statements-on-one-line-colon Multiple statements on one line (colon) ✔️
E702 multiple-statements-on-one-line-semicolon Multiple statements on one line (semicolon) ✔️
E703 useless-semicolon Statement ends with an unnecessary semicolon ✔️ 🛠️
E711 none-comparison Comparison to None should be cond is None ✔️ 🛠️
E712 true-false-comparison Avoid equality comparisons to True; use if {cond}: for truth checks ✔️ 🛠️
E713 not-in-test Test for membership should be not in ✔️ 🛠️
E714 not-is-test Test for object identity should be is not ✔️ 🛠️
E721 type-comparison Use is and is not for type comparisons, or isinstance() for isinstance checks ✔️
E722 bare-except Do not use bare except ✔️
E731 lambda-assignment Do not assign a lambda expression, use a def ✔️ 🛠️
E741 ambiguous-variable-name Ambiguous variable name: {name} ✔️
E742 ambiguous-class-name Ambiguous class name: {name} ✔️
E743 ambiguous-function-name Ambiguous function name: {name} ✔️
E902 io-error {message} ✔️
E999 syntax-error SyntaxError ❌

Warning (W)

Code Name Message
W191 tab-indentation Indentation contains tabs ✔️
W291 trailing-whitespace Trailing whitespace ✔️ 🛠️
W292 missing-newline-at-end-of-file No newline at end of file ✔️ 🛠️
W293 blank-line-with-whitespace Blank line contains whitespace ✔️ 🛠️
W391 too-many-newlines-at-end-of-file Too many newlines at end of {domain} 🧪 🛠️
W505 doc-line-too-long Doc line too long ({width} > {limit}) ✔️
W605 invalid-escape-sequence Invalid escape sequence: \{ch} ✔️ 🛠️

pydoclint (DOC)

For more, see pydoclint on PyPI.

For related settings, see pydoclint.

Code Name Message
DOC201 docstring-missing-returns return is not documented in docstring 🧪
DOC202 docstring-extraneous-returns Docstring should not have a returns section because the function doesn't return anything 🧪
DOC402 docstring-missing-yields yield is not documented in docstring 🧪
DOC403 docstring-extraneous-yields Docstring has a "Yields" section but the function doesn't yield anything 🧪
DOC501 docstring-missing-exception Raised exception {id} missing from docstring 🧪
DOC502 docstring-extraneous-exception Raised exception is not explicitly raised: {id} 🧪

pydocstyle (D)

For more, see pydocstyle on PyPI.

For related settings, see pydocstyle.

Code Name Message
D100 undocumented-public-module Missing docstring in public module ✔️
D101 undocumented-public-class Missing docstring in public class ✔️
D102 undocumented-public-method Missing docstring in public method ✔️
D103 undocumented-public-function Missing docstring in public function ✔️
D104 undocumented-public-package Missing docstring in public package ✔️
D105 undocumented-magic-method Missing docstring in magic method ✔️
D106 undocumented-public-nested-class Missing docstring in public nested class ✔️
D107 undocumented-public-init Missing docstring in __init__ ✔️
D200 unnecessary-multiline-docstring One-line docstring should fit on one line ✔️ 🛠️
D201 blank-line-before-function No blank lines allowed before function docstring (found {num_lines}) ✔️ 🛠️
D202 blank-line-after-function No blank lines allowed after function docstring (found {num_lines}) ✔️ 🛠️
D203 incorrect-blank-line-before-class 1 blank line required before class docstring ✔️ 🛠️
D204 incorrect-blank-line-after-class 1 blank line required after class docstring ✔️ 🛠️
D205 missing-blank-line-after-summary 1 blank line required between summary line and description ✔️ 🛠️
D206 docstring-tab-indentation Docstring should be indented with spaces, not tabs ✔️
D207 under-indentation Docstring is under-indented ✔️ 🛠️
D208 over-indentation Docstring is over-indented ✔️ 🛠️
D209 new-line-after-last-paragraph Multi-line docstring closing quotes should be on a separate line ✔️ 🛠️
D210 surrounding-whitespace No whitespaces allowed surrounding docstring text ✔️ 🛠️
D211 blank-line-before-class No blank lines allowed before class docstring ✔️ 🛠️
D212 multi-line-summary-first-line Multi-line docstring summary should start at the first line ✔️ 🛠️
D213 multi-line-summary-second-line Multi-line docstring summary should start at the second line ✔️ 🛠️
D214 overindented-section Section is over-indented ("{name}") ✔️ 🛠️
D215 overindented-section-underline Section underline is over-indented ("{name}") ✔️ 🛠️
D300 triple-single-quotes Use triple double quotes """ ✔️ 🛠️
D301 escape-sequence-in-docstring Use r""" if any backslashes in a docstring ✔️ 🛠️
D400 missing-trailing-period First line should end with a period ✔️ 🛠️
D401 non-imperative-mood First line of docstring should be in imperative mood: "{first_line}" ✔️
D402 signature-in-docstring First line should not be the function's signature ✔️
D403 first-word-uncapitalized First word of the docstring should be capitalized: {} -> {} ✔️ 🛠️
D404 docstring-starts-with-this First word of the docstring should not be "This" ✔️
D405 non-capitalized-section-name Section name should be properly capitalized ("{name}") ✔️ 🛠️
D406 missing-new-line-after-section-name Section name should end with a newline ("{name}") ✔️ 🛠️
D407 missing-dashed-underline-after-section Missing dashed underline after section ("{name}") ✔️ 🛠️
D408 missing-section-underline-after-name Section underline should be in the line following the section's name ("{name}") ✔️ 🛠️
D409 mismatched-section-underline-length Section underline should match the length of its name ("{name}") ✔️ 🛠️
D410 no-blank-line-after-section Missing blank line after section ("{name}") ✔️ 🛠️
D411 no-blank-line-before-section Missing blank line before section ("{name}") ✔️ 🛠️
D412 blank-lines-between-header-and-content No blank lines allowed between a section header and its content ("{name}") ✔️ 🛠️
D413 missing-blank-line-after-last-section Missing blank line after last section ("{name}") ✔️ 🛠️
D414 empty-docstring-section Section has no content ("{name}") ✔️
D415 missing-terminal-punctuation First line should end with a period, question mark, or exclamation point ✔️ 🛠️
D416 missing-section-name-colon Section name should end with a colon ("{name}") ✔️ 🛠️
D417 undocumented-param Missing argument description in the docstring for {definition}: {name} ✔️
D418 overload-with-docstring Function decorated with @overload shouldn't contain a docstring ✔️
D419 empty-docstring Docstring is empty ✔️

Pyflakes (F)

For more, see Pyflakes on PyPI.

Code Name Message
F401 unused-import {name} imported but unused; consider using importlib.util.find_spec to test for availability ✔️ 🛠️
F402 import-shadowed-by-loop-var Import {name} from {row} shadowed by loop variable ✔️
F403 undefined-local-with-import-star from {name} import * used; unable to detect undefined names ✔️
F404 late-future-import from __future__ imports must occur at the beginning of the file ✔️
F405 undefined-local-with-import-star-usage {name} may be undefined, or defined from star imports ✔️
F406 undefined-local-with-nested-import-star-usage from {name} import * only allowed at module level ✔️
F407 future-feature-not-defined Future feature {name} is not defined ✔️
F501 percent-format-invalid-format %-format string has invalid format string: {message} ✔️
F502 percent-format-expected-mapping %-format string expected mapping but got sequence ✔️
F503 percent-format-expected-sequence %-format string expected sequence but got mapping ✔️
F504 percent-format-extra-named-arguments %-format string has unused named argument(s): {message} ✔️ 🛠️
F505 percent-format-missing-argument %-format string is missing argument(s) for placeholder(s): {message} ✔️
F506 percent-format-mixed-positional-and-named %-format string has mixed positional and named placeholders ✔️
F507 percent-format-positional-count-mismatch %-format string has {wanted} placeholder(s) but {got} substitution(s) ✔️
F508 percent-format-star-requires-sequence %-format string * specifier requires sequence ✔️
F509 percent-format-unsupported-format-character %-format string has unsupported format character {char} ✔️
F521 string-dot-format-invalid-format .format call has invalid format string: {message} ✔️
F522 string-dot-format-extra-named-arguments .format call has unused named argument(s): {message} ✔️ 🛠️
F523 string-dot-format-extra-positional-arguments .format call has unused arguments at position(s): {message} ✔️ 🛠️
F524 string-dot-format-missing-arguments .format call is missing argument(s) for placeholder(s): {message} ✔️
F525 string-dot-format-mixing-automatic .format string mixes automatic and manual numbering ✔️
F541 f-string-missing-placeholders f-string without any placeholders ✔️ 🛠️
F601 multi-value-repeated-key-literal Dictionary key literal {name} repeated ✔️ 🛠️
F602 multi-value-repeated-key-variable Dictionary key {name} repeated ✔️ 🛠️
F621 expressions-in-star-assignment Too many expressions in star-unpacking assignment ✔️
F622 multiple-starred-expressions Two starred expressions in assignment ✔️
F631 assert-tuple Assert test is a non-empty tuple, which is always True ✔️
F632 is-literal Use == to compare constant literals ✔️ 🛠️
F633 invalid-print-syntax Use of >> is invalid with print function ✔️
F634 if-tuple If test is a tuple, which is always True ✔️
F701 break-outside-loop break outside loop ✔️
F702 continue-outside-loop continue not properly in loop ✔️
F704 yield-outside-function {keyword} statement outside of a function ✔️
F706 return-outside-function return statement outside of a function/method ✔️
F707 default-except-not-last An except block as not the last exception handler ✔️
F722 forward-annotation-syntax-error Syntax error in forward annotation: {parse_error} ✔️
F811 redefined-while-unused Redefinition of unused {name} from {row} ✔️ 🛠️
F821 undefined-name Undefined name {name}. {tip} ✔️
F822 undefined-export Undefined name {name} in __all__ ✔️
F823 undefined-local Local variable {name} referenced before assignment ✔️
F841 unused-variable Local variable {name} is assigned to but never used ✔️ 🛠️
F842 unused-annotation Local variable {name} is annotated but never used ✔️
F901 raise-not-implemented raise NotImplemented should be raise NotImplementedError ✔️ 🛠️

pygrep-hooks (PGH)

For more, see pygrep-hooks on GitHub.

Code Name Message
PGH001 eval No builtin eval() allowed ❌
PGH002 deprecated-log-warn warn is deprecated in favor of warning ❌ 🛠️
PGH003 blanket-type-ignore Use specific rule codes when ignoring type issues ✔️
PGH004 blanket-noqa Use specific rule codes when using noqa ✔️ 🛠️
PGH005 invalid-mock-access Mock method should be called: {name} ✔️

Pylint (PL)

For more, see Pylint on PyPI.

Convention (PLC)

Code Name Message
PLC0105 type-name-incorrect-variance {kind} name "{param_name}" does not reflect its {variance}; consider renaming it to "{replacement_name}" ✔️
PLC0131 type-bivariance {kind} cannot be both covariant and contravariant ✔️
PLC0132 type-param-name-mismatch {kind} name {param_name} does not match assigned variable name {var_name} ✔️
PLC0205 single-string-slots Class __slots__ should be a non-string iterable ✔️
PLC0206 dict-index-missing-items Extracting value from dictionary without calling .items() ✔️
PLC0208 iteration-over-set Use a sequence type instead of a set when iterating over values ✔️ 🛠️
PLC0414 useless-import-alias Import alias does not rename original package ✔️ 🛠️
PLC0415 import-outside-top-level import should be at the top-level of a file 🧪
PLC1802 len-test len({expression}) used as condition without comparison ✔️ 🛠️
PLC1901 compare-to-empty-string {existing} can be simplified to {replacement} as an empty string is falsey 🧪
PLC2401 non-ascii-name {kind} name {name} contains a non-ASCII character ✔️
PLC2403 non-ascii-import-name Module alias {name} contains a non-ASCII character ✔️
PLC2701 import-private-name Private name import {name} from external module {module} 🧪
PLC2801 unnecessary-dunder-call Unnecessary dunder call to {method}. {replacement}. 🧪 🛠️
PLC3002 unnecessary-direct-lambda-call Lambda expression called directly. Execute the expression inline instead. ✔️

Error (PLE)

Code Name Message
PLE0100 yield-in-init __init__ method is a generator ✔️
PLE0101 return-in-init Explicit return in __init__ ✔️
PLE0115 nonlocal-and-global Name {name} is both nonlocal and global ✔️
PLE0116 continue-in-finally continue not supported inside finally clause ✔️
PLE0117 nonlocal-without-binding Nonlocal name {name} found without binding ✔️
PLE0118 load-before-global-declaration Name {name} is used prior to global declaration on {row} ✔️
PLE0237 non-slot-assignment Attribute {name} is not defined in class's __slots__ ✔️
PLE0241 duplicate-bases Duplicate base {base} for class {class} ✔️ 🛠️
PLE0302 unexpected-special-method-signature The special method {} expects {}, {} {} given ✔️
PLE0303 invalid-length-return-type __len__ does not return a non-negative integer ✔️
PLE0304 invalid-bool-return-type __bool__ does not return bool 🧪
PLE0305 invalid-index-return-type __index__ does not return an integer ✔️
PLE0307 invalid-str-return-type __str__ does not return str ✔️
PLE0308 invalid-bytes-return-type __bytes__ does not return bytes ✔️
PLE0309 invalid-hash-return-type __hash__ does not return an integer ✔️
PLE0604 invalid-all-object Invalid object in __all__, must contain only strings ✔️
PLE0605 invalid-all-format Invalid format for __all__, must be tuple or list ✔️
PLE0643 potential-index-error Expression is likely to raise IndexError ✔️
PLE0704 misplaced-bare-raise Bare raise statement is not inside an exception handler ✔️
PLE1132 repeated-keyword-argument Repeated keyword argument: {duplicate_keyword} ✔️
PLE1141 dict-iter-missing-items Unpacking a dictionary in iteration without calling .items() 🧪 🛠️
PLE1142 await-outside-async await should be used within an async function ✔️
PLE1205 logging-too-many-args Too many arguments for logging format string ✔️
PLE1206 logging-too-few-args Not enough arguments for logging format string ✔️
PLE1300 bad-string-format-character Unsupported format character '{format_char}' ✔️
PLE1307 bad-string-format-type Format type does not match argument type ✔️
PLE1310 bad-str-strip-call String {strip} call contains duplicate characters (did you mean {removal}?) ✔️
PLE1507 invalid-envvar-value Invalid type for initial os.getenv argument; expected str ✔️
PLE1519 singledispatch-method @singledispatch decorator should not be used on methods ✔️ 🛠️
PLE1520 singledispatchmethod-function @singledispatchmethod decorator should not be used on non-method functions ✔️ 🛠️
PLE1700 yield-from-in-async-function yield from statement in async function; use async for instead ✔️
PLE2502 bidirectional-unicode Contains control characters that can permit obfuscated code ✔️
PLE2510 invalid-character-backspace Invalid unescaped character backspace, use "\b" instead ✔️ 🛠️
PLE2512 invalid-character-sub Invalid unescaped character SUB, use "\x1A" instead ✔️ 🛠️
PLE2513 invalid-character-esc Invalid unescaped character ESC, use "\x1B" instead ✔️ 🛠️
PLE2514 invalid-character-nul Invalid unescaped character NUL, use "\0" instead ✔️ 🛠️
PLE2515 invalid-character-zero-width-space Invalid unescaped character zero-width-space, use "\u200B" instead ✔️ 🛠️
PLE4703 modified-iterating-set Iterated set {name} is modified within the for loop 🧪 🛠️

Refactor (PLR)

Code Name Message
PLR0124 comparison-with-itself Name compared with itself, consider replacing {actual} ✔️
PLR0133 comparison-of-constant Two constants compared in a comparison, consider replacing {left_constant} {op} {right_constant} ✔️
PLR0202 no-classmethod-decorator Class method defined without decorator 🧪 🛠️
PLR0203 no-staticmethod-decorator Static method defined without decorator 🧪 🛠️
PLR0206 property-with-parameters Cannot have defined parameters for properties ✔️
PLR0402 manual-from-import Use from {module} import {name} in lieu of alias ✔️ 🛠️
PLR0904 too-many-public-methods Too many public methods ({methods} > {max_methods}) 🧪
PLR0911 too-many-return-statements Too many return statements ({returns} > {max_returns}) ✔️
PLR0912 too-many-branches Too many branches ({branches} > {max_branches}) ✔️
PLR0913 too-many-arguments Too many arguments in function definition ({c_args} > {max_args}) ✔️
PLR0914 too-many-locals Too many local variables ({current_amount}/{max_amount}) 🧪
PLR0915 too-many-statements Too many statements ({statements} > {max_statements}) ✔️
PLR0916 too-many-boolean-expressions Too many Boolean expressions ({expressions} > {max_expressions}) 🧪
PLR0917 too-many-positional-arguments Too many positional arguments ({c_pos}/{max_pos}) 🧪
PLR1701 repeated-isinstance-calls Merge isinstance calls: {expression} ❌ 🛠️
PLR1702 too-many-nested-blocks Too many nested blocks ({nested_blocks} > {max_nested_blocks}) 🧪
PLR1704 redefined-argument-from-local Redefining argument with the local name {name} ✔️
PLR1706 and-or-ternary Consider using if-else expression ❌
PLR1711 useless-return Useless return statement at end of function ✔️ 🛠️
PLR1714 repeated-equality-comparison Consider merging multiple comparisons: {expression}. Use a set if the elements are hashable. ✔️ 🛠️
PLR1716 boolean-chained-comparison Contains chained boolean comparison that can be simplified ✔️ 🛠️
PLR1722 sys-exit-alias Use sys.exit() instead of {name} ✔️ 🛠️
PLR1730 if-stmt-min-max Replace if statement with {replacement} ✔️ 🛠️
PLR1733 unnecessary-dict-index-lookup Unnecessary lookup of dictionary value by key 🧪 🛠️
PLR1736 unnecessary-list-index-lookup List index lookup in enumerate() loop ✔️ 🛠️
PLR2004 magic-value-comparison Magic value used in comparison, consider replacing {value} with a constant variable ✔️
PLR2044 empty-comment Line with empty comment ✔️ 🛠️
PLR5501 collapsible-else-if Use elif instead of else then if, to reduce indentation ✔️ 🛠️
PLR6104 non-augmented-assignment Use {operator} to perform an augmented assignment directly 🧪 🛠️
PLR6201 literal-membership Use a set literal when testing for membership 🧪 🛠️
PLR6301 no-self-use Method {method_name} could be a function, class method, or static method 🧪

Warning (PLW)

Code Name Message
PLW0108 unnecessary-lambda Lambda may be unnecessary; consider inlining inner function 🧪 🛠️
PLW0120 useless-else-on-loop else clause on loop without a break statement; remove the else and dedent its contents ✔️ 🛠️
PLW0127 self-assigning-variable Self-assignment of variable {name} ✔️
PLW0128 redeclared-assigned-name Redeclared variable {name} in assignment ✔️
PLW0129 assert-on-string-literal Asserting on an empty string literal will never pass ✔️
PLW0131 named-expr-without-context Named expression used without context ✔️
PLW0133 useless-exception-statement Missing raise statement on exception ✔️ 🛠️
PLW0177 nan-comparison Comparing against a NaN value; use math.isnan instead 🧪
PLW0211 bad-staticmethod-argument First argument of a static method should not be named {argument_name} ✔️
PLW0244 redefined-slots-in-subclass Slot {slot_name} redefined from base class {base} 🧪
PLW0245 super-without-brackets super call is missing parentheses ✔️ 🛠️
PLW0406 import-self Module {name} imports itself ✔️
PLW0602 global-variable-not-assigned Using global for {name} but no assignment is done ✔️
PLW0603 global-statement Using the global statement to update {name} is discouraged ✔️
PLW0604 global-at-module-level global at module level is redundant ✔️
PLW0642 self-or-cls-assignment Reassigned {} variable in {method_type} method ✔️
PLW0711 binary-op-exception Exception to catch is the result of a binary and operation ✔️
PLW1501 bad-open-mode {mode} is not a valid mode for open ✔️
PLW1507 shallow-copy-environ Shallow copy of os.environ via copy.copy(os.environ) ✔️ 🛠️
PLW1508 invalid-envvar-default Invalid type for environment variable default; expected str or None ✔️
PLW1509 subprocess-popen-preexec-fn preexec_fn argument is unsafe when using threads ✔️
PLW1510 subprocess-run-without-check subprocess.run without explicit check argument ✔️ 🛠️
PLW1514 unspecified-encoding {function_name} in text mode without explicit encoding argument 🧪 🛠️
PLW1641 eq-without-hash Object does not implement __hash__ method 🧪
PLW2101 useless-with-lock Threading lock directly created in with statement has no effect ✔️
PLW2901 redefined-loop-name Outer {outer_kind} variable {name} overwritten by inner {inner_kind} target ✔️
PLW3201 bad-dunder-method-name Dunder method {name} has no special meaning in Python 3 🧪
PLW3301 nested-min-max Nested {func} calls can be flattened ✔️ 🛠️

pyupgrade (UP)

For more, see pyupgrade on PyPI.

For related settings, see pyupgrade.

Code Name Message
UP001 useless-metaclass-type __metaclass__ = type is implied ✔️ 🛠️
UP003 type-of-primitive Use {} instead of type(...) ✔️ 🛠️
UP004 useless-object-inheritance Class {name} inherits from object ✔️ 🛠️
UP005 deprecated-unittest-alias {alias} is deprecated, use {target} ✔️ 🛠️
UP006 non-pep585-annotation Use {to} instead of {from} for type annotation ✔️ 🛠️
UP007 non-pep604-annotation-union Use X | Y for type annotations ✔️ 🛠️
UP008 super-call-with-parameters Use super() instead of super(__class__, self) ✔️ 🛠️
UP009 utf8-encoding-declaration UTF-8 encoding declaration is unnecessary ✔️ 🛠️
UP010 unnecessary-future-import Unnecessary __future__ import {import} for target Python version ✔️ 🛠️
UP011 lru-cache-without-parameters Unnecessary parentheses to functools.lru_cache ✔️ 🛠️
UP012 unnecessary-encode-utf8 Unnecessary call to encode as UTF-8 ✔️ 🛠️
UP013 convert-typed-dict-functional-to-class Convert {name} from TypedDict functional to class syntax ✔️ 🛠️
UP014 convert-named-tuple-functional-to-class Convert {name} from NamedTuple functional to class syntax ✔️ 🛠️
UP015 redundant-open-modes Unnecessary mode argument ✔️ 🛠️
UP017 datetime-timezone-utc Use datetime.UTC alias ✔️ 🛠️
UP018 native-literals Unnecessary {literal_type} call (rewrite as a literal) ✔️ 🛠️
UP019 typing-text-str-alias typing.Text is deprecated, use str ✔️ 🛠️
UP020 open-alias Use builtin open ✔️ 🛠️
UP021 replace-universal-newlines universal_newlines is deprecated, use text ✔️ 🛠️
UP022 replace-stdout-stderr Prefer capture_output over sending stdout and stderr to PIPE ✔️ 🛠️
UP023 deprecated-c-element-tree cElementTree is deprecated, use ElementTree ✔️ 🛠️
UP024 os-error-alias Replace aliased errors with OSError ✔️ 🛠️
UP025 unicode-kind-prefix Remove unicode literals from strings ✔️ 🛠️
UP026 deprecated-mock-import mock is deprecated, use unittest.mock ✔️ 🛠️
UP027 unpacked-list-comprehension Replace unpacked list comprehension with a generator expression ❌
UP028 yield-in-for-loop Replace yield over for loop with yield from ✔️ 🛠️
UP029 unnecessary-builtin-import Unnecessary builtin import: {import} ✔️ 🛠️
UP030 format-literals Use implicit references for positional format fields ✔️ 🛠️
UP031 printf-string-formatting Use format specifiers instead of percent format ✔️ 🛠️
UP032 f-string Use f-string instead of format call ✔️ 🛠️
UP033 lru-cache-with-maxsize-none Use @functools.cache instead of @functools.lru_cache(maxsize=None) ✔️ 🛠️
UP034 extraneous-parentheses Avoid extraneous parentheses ✔️ 🛠️
UP035 deprecated-import Import from {target} instead: {names} ✔️ 🛠️
UP036 outdated-version-block Version block is outdated for minimum Python version ✔️ 🛠️
UP037 quoted-annotation Remove quotes from type annotation ✔️ 🛠️
UP038 non-pep604-isinstance Use X | Y in {} call instead of (X, Y) ⚠️ 🛠️
UP039 unnecessary-class-parentheses Unnecessary parentheses after class definition ✔️ 🛠️
UP040 non-pep695-type-alias Type alias {name} uses {type_alias_method} instead of the type keyword ✔️ 🛠️
UP041 timeout-error-alias Replace aliased errors with TimeoutError ✔️ 🛠️
UP042 replace-str-enum Class {name} inherits from both str and enum.Enum 🧪 🛠️
UP043 unnecessary-default-type-args Unnecessary default type arguments ✔️ 🛠️
UP044 non-pep646-unpack Use * for unpacking ✔️ 🛠️
UP045 non-pep604-annotation-optional Use X | None for type annotations 🧪 🛠️
UP046 non-pep695-generic-class Generic class {name} uses Generic subclass instead of type parameters 🧪 🛠️
UP047 non-pep695-generic-function Generic function {name} should use type parameters 🧪 🛠️
UP049 private-type-parameter Generic {} uses private type parameters 🧪 🛠️

refurb (FURB)

For more, see refurb on PyPI.

Code Name Message
FURB101 read-whole-file open and read should be replaced by Path({filename}).{suggestion} 🧪
FURB103 write-whole-file open and write should be replaced by Path({filename}).{suggestion} 🧪
FURB105 print-empty-string Unnecessary empty string passed to print ✔️ 🛠️
FURB110 if-exp-instead-of-or-operator Replace ternary if expression with or operator 🧪 🛠️
FURB113 repeated-append Use {suggestion} instead of repeatedly calling {name}.append() 🧪 🛠️
FURB116 f-string-number-format Replace {function_name} call with {display} 🧪 🛠️
FURB118 reimplemented-operator Use operator.{operator} instead of defining a {target} 🧪 🛠️
FURB122 for-loop-writes Use of {}.write in a for loop 🧪 🛠️
FURB129 readlines-in-for Instead of calling readlines(), iterate over file object directly ✔️ 🛠️
FURB131 delete-full-slice Prefer clear over deleting a full slice 🧪 🛠️
FURB132 check-and-remove-from-set Use {suggestion} instead of check and remove 🧪 🛠️
FURB136 if-expr-min-max Replace if expression with {min_max} call ✔️ 🛠️
FURB140 reimplemented-starmap Use itertools.starmap instead of the generator 🧪 🛠️
FURB142 for-loop-set-mutations Use of set.{}() in a for loop 🧪 🛠️
FURB145 slice-copy Prefer copy method over slicing 🧪 🛠️
FURB148 unnecessary-enumerate enumerate value is unused, use for x in range(len(y)) instead 🧪 🛠️
FURB152 math-constant Replace {literal} with math.{constant} 🧪 🛠️
FURB154 repeated-global Use of repeated consecutive {} 🧪 🛠️
FURB156 hardcoded-string-charset Use of hardcoded string charset 🧪 🛠️
FURB157 verbose-decimal-constructor Verbose expression in Decimal constructor 🧪 🛠️
FURB161 bit-count Use of bin({existing}).count('1') ✔️ 🛠️
FURB162 fromisoformat-replace-z Unnecessary timezone replacement with zero offset 🧪 🛠️
FURB163 redundant-log-base Prefer math.{log_function}({arg}) over math.log with a redundant base ✔️ 🛠️
FURB164 unnecessary-from-float Verbose method {method_name} in {constructor} construction 🧪 🛠️
FURB166 int-on-sliced-str Use of int with explicit base={base} after removing prefix 🧪 🛠️
FURB167 regex-flag-alias Use of regular expression alias re.{} ✔️ 🛠️
FURB168 isinstance-type-none Prefer is operator over isinstance to check if an object is None ✔️ 🛠️
FURB169 type-none-comparison When checking against None, use {} instead of comparison with type(None) ✔️ 🛠️
FURB171 single-item-membership-test Membership test against single-item container 🧪 🛠️
FURB177 implicit-cwd Prefer Path.cwd() over Path().resolve() for current-directory lookups ✔️ 🛠️
FURB180 meta-class-abc-meta Use of metaclass=abc.ABCMeta to define abstract base class 🧪 🛠️
FURB181 hashlib-digest-hex Use of hashlib's .digest().hex() ✔️ 🛠️
FURB187 list-reverse-copy Use of assignment of reversed on list {name} ✔️ 🛠️
FURB188 slice-to-remove-prefix-or-suffix Prefer str.removeprefix() over conditionally replacing with slice. ✔️ 🛠️
FURB189 subclass-builtin Subclassing {subclass} can be error prone, use collections.{replacement} instead 🧪 🛠️
FURB192 sorted-min-max Prefer min over sorted() to compute the minimum value in a sequence 🧪 🛠️

Ruff-specific rules (RUF)

Code Name Message
RUF001 ambiguous-unicode-character-string String contains ambiguous {}. Did you mean {}? ✔️
RUF002 ambiguous-unicode-character-docstring Docstring contains ambiguous {}. Did you mean {}? ✔️
RUF003 ambiguous-unicode-character-comment Comment contains ambiguous {}. Did you mean {}? ✔️
RUF005 collection-literal-concatenation Consider {expression} instead of concatenation ✔️ 🛠️
RUF006 asyncio-dangling-task Store a reference to the return value of {expr}.{method} ✔️
RUF007 zip-instead-of-pairwise Prefer itertools.pairwise() over zip() when iterating over successive pairs ✔️ 🛠️
RUF008 mutable-dataclass-default Do not use mutable default values for dataclass attributes ✔️
RUF009 function-call-in-dataclass-default-argument Do not perform function call {name} in dataclass defaults ✔️
RUF010 explicit-f-string-type-conversion Use explicit conversion flag ✔️ 🛠️
RUF011 ruff-static-key-dict-comprehension Dictionary comprehension uses static key ❌
RUF012 mutable-class-default Mutable class attributes should be annotated with typing.ClassVar ✔️
RUF013 implicit-optional PEP 484 prohibits implicit Optional ✔️ 🛠️
RUF015 unnecessary-iterable-allocation-for-first-element Prefer next({iterable}) over single element slice ✔️ 🛠️
RUF016 invalid-index-type Slice in indexed access to type {value_type} uses type {index_type} instead of an integer ✔️
RUF017 quadratic-list-summation Avoid quadratic list summation ✔️ 🛠️
RUF018 assignment-in-assert Avoid assignment expressions in assert statements ✔️
RUF019 unnecessary-key-check Unnecessary key check before dictionary access ✔️ 🛠️
RUF020 never-union {never_like} | T is equivalent to T ✔️ 🛠️
RUF021 parenthesize-chained-operators Parenthesize a and b expressions when chaining and and or together, to make the precedence clear ✔️ 🛠️
RUF022 unsorted-dunder-all __all__ is not sorted ✔️ 🛠️
RUF023 unsorted-dunder-slots {}.__slots__ is not sorted ✔️ 🛠️
RUF024 mutable-fromkeys-value Do not pass mutable objects as values to dict.fromkeys ✔️ 🛠️
RUF026 default-factory-kwarg default_factory is a positional-only argument to defaultdict ✔️ 🛠️
RUF027 missing-f-string-syntax Possible f-string without an f prefix 🧪 🛠️
RUF028 invalid-formatter-suppression-comment This suppression comment is invalid because {} 🧪 🛠️
RUF029 unused-async Function {name} is declared async, but doesn't await or use async features. 🧪
RUF030 assert-with-print-message print() call in assert statement is likely unintentional ✔️ 🛠️
RUF031 incorrectly-parenthesized-tuple-in-subscript Use parentheses for tuples in subscripts 🧪 🛠️
RUF032 decimal-from-float-literal Decimal() called with float literal argument ✔️ 🛠️
RUF033 post-init-default __post_init__ method with argument defaults ✔️ 🛠️
RUF034 useless-if-else Useless if-else condition ✔️
RUF035 ruff-unsafe-markup-use Unsafe use of {name} detected ❌
RUF036 none-not-at-end-of-union None not at the end of the type annotation. 🧪
RUF037 unnecessary-empty-iterable-within-deque-call Unnecessary empty iterable within a deque call 🧪 🛠️
RUF038 redundant-bool-literal Literal[True, False, ...] can be replaced with Literal[...] | bool 🧪 🛠️
RUF039 unraw-re-pattern First argument to {call} is not raw string 🧪 🛠️
RUF040 invalid-assert-message-literal-argument Non-string literal used as assert message ✔️
RUF041 unnecessary-nested-literal Unnecessary nested Literal ✔️ 🛠️
RUF043 pytest-raises-ambiguous-pattern Pattern passed to match= contains metacharacters but is neither escaped nor raw 🧪
RUF045 implicit-class-var-in-dataclass Assignment without annotation found in dataclass body 🧪
RUF046 unnecessary-cast-to-int Value being cast to int is already an integer ✔️ 🛠️
RUF047 needless-else Empty else clause 🧪 🛠️
RUF048 map-int-version-parsing __version__ may contain non-integral-like elements ✔️
RUF049 dataclass-enum An enum class should not be decorated with @dataclass 🧪
RUF051 if-key-in-dict-del Use pop instead of key in dict followed by del dict[key] ✔️ 🛠️
RUF052 used-dummy-variable Local dummy variable {} is accessed 🧪 🛠️
RUF053 class-with-mixed-type-vars Class with type parameter list inherits from Generic 🧪 🛠️
RUF054 indented-form-feed Indented form feed 🧪
RUF055 unnecessary-regular-expression Plain string pattern passed to re function 🧪 🛠️
RUF056 falsy-dict-get-fallback Avoid providing a falsy fallback to dict.get() in boolean test positions. The default fallback None is already falsy. 🧪 🛠️
RUF057 unnecessary-round Value being rounded is already an integer 🧪 🛠️
RUF058 starmap-zip itertools.starmap called on zip iterable 🧪 🛠️
RUF059 unused-unpacked-variable Unpacked variable {name} is never used 🧪 🛠️
RUF100 unused-noqa Unused noqa directive ✔️ 🛠️
RUF101 redirected-noqa {original} is a redirect to {target} ✔️ 🛠️
RUF102 invalid-rule-code Invalid rule code in # noqa: {} 🧪 🛠️
RUF200 invalid-pyproject-toml Failed to parse pyproject.toml: {message} ✔️

tryceratops (TRY)

For more, see tryceratops on PyPI.

Code Name Message
TRY002 raise-vanilla-class Create your own exception ✔️
TRY003 raise-vanilla-args Avoid specifying long messages outside the exception class ✔️
TRY004 type-check-without-type-error Prefer TypeError exception for invalid type ✔️
TRY200 reraise-no-cause Use raise from to specify exception cause ❌
TRY201 verbose-raise Use raise without specifying exception name ✔️ 🛠️
TRY203 useless-try-except Remove exception handler; error is immediately re-raised ✔️
TRY300 try-consider-else Consider moving this statement to an else block ✔️
TRY301 raise-within-try Abstract raise to an inner function ✔️
TRY400 error-instead-of-exception Use logging.exception instead of logging.error ✔️ 🛠️
TRY401 verbose-log-message Redundant exception object included in logging.exception call ✔️