pandas-use-of-dot-values (PD011)

Derived from the pandas-vet linter.

What it does

Checks for uses of .values on Pandas Series and Index objects.

The .values attribute is ambiguous as its return type is unclear. As such, it is no longer recommended by the Pandas documentation.

Instead, use .to_numpy() to return a NumPy array, or .array to return a Pandas ExtensionArray.

import pandas as pd

animals = pd.read_csv("animals.csv").values  # Ambiguous.

Use instead:

import pandas as pd

animals = pd.read_csv("animals.csv").to_numpy()  # Explicit.